6.0 Ls Engine Diagram

V8 automobile engine made by General Motors

Motor vehicle engine

GM LS small-block engine
Overview
Manufacturer	General Motors
Production	1997–present
Layout
Configuration	90º V-8
Displacement	293–511 cu in (4.8–8.4 L)
Cylinder bore	3.78–4.185 in (96.0–106.3 mm)
Piston stroke	3.3–4.125 in (83.8–104.8 mm)
Block material	Aluminum Cast iron
Head material	Aluminum Cast iron
Valvetrain	16-valve, OHV (2 valves per cyl.; Gen 3-5) 32-valve, DOHC (4 valves per cyl.; Gen 6)
Compression ratio	9.08:1–13.1:1
Combustion
Supercharger	in Some versions
Turbocharger	Twin-Turbo (LSX & Fury Version)
Fuel system	fuel injection
Fuel type	Gasoline, E85
Oil system	Wet sump, Dry sump
Cooling system	Water-cooled
Output
Power output	255–2,500 hp (190–1,864 kW)
Torque output	285–2,432 lb⋅ft (386–3,297 N⋅m)
Chronology
Predecessor	Chevrolet Small-Block engine Northstar engine

"LS engine" is the colloquial name given to the 3rd and 4th generation small-block V-8 gasoline engine used in General Motors' vehicles. The name evolved from the need to differentiate the Gen 3/Gen 4 small blocks from the original Gen 1/Gen 2 small blocks released in 1954, which are commonly referred to as "Small Block Chevrolets". The "LS" name originates from the engine RPO code of the first Gen 3 small block, the LS1, introduced in the 1997 Corvette. The term "LS engine" is used to describe any Gen 3 or Gen 4 Small Block Chevrolet, including those that do not specifically include "LS" as part of their RPO code. Sometimes referred to as an "LSx", with the lower case "x" standing in for one of the many RPO code variations of the motor, the term can cause confusion since GM now sells an aftermarket LS cylinder block named "LSX" with a capital "X". The original RPO code "LS1" is still sometimes used, if not confusingly, to describe the entire Gen 3/Gen 4 engine family.

LS engines were a clean sheet modular design. Most components interchange between these Gen 3 and Gen 4 motors. LS motors share no interchangeable parts except connecting rod bearings with the Gen 1/2 Small Block Chevrolet engines. Likewise, while GM engineers clearly took design inspiration from the LS motor when creating their 5th Generation "LT" Small Block in 2014, it was predominantly a new design. There is almost no parts interchange between the LS and LT families.

All cars sold with LS motors were equipped with aluminum blocks while most trucks received cast iron blocks. LS engines enjoy several notable improvements over previous generations of small blocks. The lower section of the block incorporates deep side skirts along with 4-bolt cross-bolted main bearing caps and a structural cast aluminum oil pan. Nearly all LS motors were manufactured with high airflow aluminum cylinder heads, even in truck applications. The design uses long runner intake manifolds to enhance airflow within the engines operating range. These dry intake manifolds omit the coolant passages of earlier generations to minimize heat uptake in the air charge. They are made from a light weight yet durable nylon polymer. A large improvement was made to the ignition system by forgoing the camshaft driven distributor of the early small blocks in favor of valve cover mounted ignition coils, one for each cylinder. LS ignition timing is handled by the ECU thanks to camshaft and crankshaft position sensors.

GM engineered the LS as a pushrod motor which was a controversial choice at the time. It was seen as an old school low tech decision that could not compete with the more high tech dual over head cam strategy (DOHC) that Ford had adopted. GM had their reasons though and it turned out to be an unprecedented success. The choice kept the cost of the engines low, allowing them to be installed in a large variety of vehicles. The cam in block strategy kept the external size of the motor down relative to DOHC design, while still allowing 7.0L (427ci) displacements in stock form. Combined with the airflow potential of well engineered cylinder heads and intake manifolds, this added displacement allowed higher outputs in a smaller external package relative to a DOHC configuration. The combination of a small package size, low cost and availability has earned LS motors a cult like following among engine swap hobbyists where slogans like "LS Swap the World" are often echoed. This popularity has spurred a tremendous level of support from the automotive aftermarket industry and has been a cultural phenomenon as social media has exploded with LS content from sources like Sloppy Mechanics and Richard Holdener. Grass roots racers are now chasing stock bottom end "SBE" records pushing factory hardware to in-excess of 1500 hp and running 7 second 1/4 miles at 170+ even with 4.8L, the smallest of the factory LS displacements.

Much of the credit for this engine family must go to Ed Koerner, GM's Powertrain vice president of engineering operations at the time. He was a V-8 design veteran and former National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) record holder in drag racing. Koerner had been the Chief Engineer for all the existing GM small-block V-8 engines and was put in charge of the "all-new" Gen III LS1 V-8 development project, which would share no parts with previous engines. Design team members included Alan Hayman, Jim Mazzola, Ron Sperry, Bill Compton, Brian Kaminski, Jon Lewis, Stan Turek, Don Weiderhold, and Dave Wandel.

Generation III (1997–2007) [edit]

Motor vehicle engine

Generation III
GM LS1 engine in a Chevrolet Corvette C5
Overview
Manufacturer	General Motors
Also called	Vortec
Production	1997-2007
Layout
Configuration	90° V-8
Displacement	4,806 cc (293.3 cu in) 5,327 cc (325.1 cu in) 5,665 cc (345.7 cu in) 5,967 cc (364.1 cu in)
Cylinder bore	96 mm (3.78 in) 99 mm (3.9 in) 101.6 mm (4.00 in)
Piston stroke	83 mm (3.27 in) 92 mm (3.62 in)
Block material	Aluminum Cast iron
Head material	Aluminum Cast iron
Valvetrain	OHV 2 valves per cylinder
Combustion
Fuel system	Sequential multi-port fuel injection
Fuel type	Gasoline, E85
Oil system	Wet sump
Cooling system	Water-cooled
Chronology
Predecessor	Generation I Generation II
Successor	Generation IV

The GM Generation I and Generation II (LT) engine families are both derived from the longstanding Chevrolet small block V-8. The Generation III small-block V-8 was a "clean sheet" design, which replaced the Gen I and Gen II engine families in 2002 and 1995 respectively.

Like the previous two generations, the Buick and Oldsmobile small blocks, the Gen III/IV can be found in many different brands. The engine blocks were cast in aluminum for car applications, and iron for most truck applications (notable exceptions include the Chevrolet TrailBlazer SS, Chevrolet SSR, and a limited run of Chevrolet/GMC Extended Cab Standard Box Trucks).

The architecture of the LS series makes for an extremely strong engine block with the aluminum engines being nearly as strong as the iron generation I and II engines. The LS engine also used coil-near-plug style ignition to replace the distributor setup of all previous small-block based engines.

The traditional five-bolt pentagonal cylinder head pattern was replaced with a square four-bolt design (much like the 64-90 Oldsmobile V-8), and the pistons are of the flat-topped variety (in the LS1, LS2, LS3, LS6, LS7, LQ9, and L33), while all other variants, including the new LS9 and LQ4 truck engine, received a dished version of the GM hypereutectic piston.

The cylinder firing order was changed to 1-8-7-2-6-5-4-3 so that the LS series now corresponds to the firing pattern of other modern V-8 engines (for example the Ford Modular V-8).

3.898 in. bore blocks (1997–2005) [edit]

The first of the Generation IIIs, the LS1 was the progenitor of the new architecture design that would transform the entire V-8 line and influence the last of the Big Blocks.

5.7L [edit]

The Generation III 5.7L (LS1 and LS6) engines share little other than similar displacement, external dimensions, and rod bearings, with its predecessor (LT1). It is an all-aluminum 5,665 cc (5.7 L; 345.7 cu in) pushrod engine with a bore and a stroke of 99 mm × 92 mm (3.898 in × 3.622 in).^[1]

LS1 [edit]

When introduced in the 1997 Corvette the LS1 was rated at 345 hp (257 kW) at 5,600 rpm and 350 lb⋅ft (475 N⋅m) at 4,400 rpm. After improvements to the intake and exhaust manifolds in 2001 the rating improved to 350 hp (261 kW) and 365 lb⋅ft (495 N⋅m).^[2] The LS1 was used in the Corvette from 97 to 04. It was also used in 98-02 GM F-Body (Camaro & Firebird) cars with a rating of over 305–325 bhp (227–242 kW), which was rumored to be conservative. The extra horsepower was claimed to come from the intake ram-air effect available in the SS and WS6 models. In Australia, continuous modifications were made to the LS1 engine throughout its lifetime, reaching 362 hp/350 ft-lb in the HSV's YII series, and a Callaway modified version named "C4B" was fitted to HSV GTS models producing 400 bhp (298 kW) and 376 lb⋅ft (510 N⋅m) of torque.^[3]

• 1997–2004 Chevrolet Corvette
• 1998–2002 Pontiac Firebird Formula, Trans Am
• 1998–2002 Chevrolet Camaro Z/28, SS
• 2004 Pontiac GTO
• 2001-2005 Holden Monaro
• 1999-2005 Holden Statesman
• 2001-2004 HSV GTO

LS6 [edit]

The LS6 designation was also used on a 454 CID Chevrolet Big-Block engine of the 1970s, as well as an iteration of the GM Iron Duke engine from the late 1970s

The LS6 is a higher-output version of GM's LS1 engine and retains the same capacity. The initial 2001 LS6 produced 385 bhp (287 kW) and 385 lb⋅ft (522 N⋅m), but the engine was modified for 2002 through 2004 to produce 405 bhp (302 kW) and 400 lb⋅ft (542 N⋅m) of torque. The LS6 was originally only used in the high-performance C5 Corvette Z06 model, with the Cadillac CTS V-Series getting the 400 bhp (298 kW) engine later. The V-Series used the LS6 for two years before being replaced by the LS2 in 2006. For 2006, the Z06 replaced the LS6 with the new LS7. The LS6 shares its basic block architecture with the GM LS1 engine, but other changes were made to the design such as windows cast into the block between cylinders, improved main web strength and bay to bay breathing, an intake manifold and MAF-sensor with higher flow capacity, a camshaft with higher lift and more duration, a higher compression ratio of 10.5:1, sodium-filled valves, and a revised oiling system better suited to high lateral acceleration.^[4] LS6 intake manifolds were also used on all 2001+ LS1/6 engines. The casting number, located on the top rear edge of the block, is 12561168. Applications:

• 2001-2004 Corvette Z06
• 2004–2005 Cadillac CTS V-Series
• 2007 SSC Ultimate Aero TT

3.78 in. bore blocks (1999–2007) [edit]

The 4.8 L and the 5.3 L are smaller truck versions of the LS1 and were designed to replace the 305 and the 350 in trucks. The 4.8L and the 5.3L engines share the same Gen III LS-series engine block and heads (upper end) and therefore, some parts interchange freely between these engines and other variants in the LS family.

4.8L LR4 [edit]

The Vortec 4800 LR4 (VIN code "V") is a Generation III small block V-8 truck engine. Displacement is 4,806 cc (4.8 L; 293.3 cu in) with a bore and stroke of 96 mm × 83 mm (3.78 in × 3.27 in). It is the smallest of the Generation III Vortec truck engines and was the replacement for the 5.0 L 5000 L30. The LR4 engines in 1999 produced 255 hp (190 kW) while the 2000 and above models made 270–285 hp (201–213 kW) and all have a torque rating between 285–295 lb⋅ft (386–400 N⋅m), depending on the model year and application. The 2005-2006 models made 285 hp (213 kW) and 295 lb⋅ft (400 N⋅m), LR4s are manufactured at St. Catharines, Ontario and Romulus, Michigan. It uses flat top pistons.

LR4 applications:

• 2003–2006 Chevrolet Express/GMC Savana
• 1999–2006(2007 Classic) Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra 1500
• 2000–2006 Chevrolet Tahoe/GMC Yukon

5.3 L [edit]

The Vortec 5300, or LM7/L59/LM4, is a V-8 truck engine. It is a longer-stroked by 9 mm (0.35 in) version of the Vortec 4800 and replaced the L31. L59 denoted a flexible fuel version of the standard fuel LM7 engine. Displacement is 5,327 cc (5.3 L; 325.1 cu in) from a bore and stroke of 96 mm × 92 mm (3.78 in × 3.62 in). Vortec 5300s are built in St. Catharines, Ontario and Romulus, Michigan. Another engine variant, the L33, shares the same displacement, but has an aluminum block with cast in cylinder liners, much like the LS1.

LM7 [edit]

The Vortec 5300 LM7 (VIN code 8th digit "T") was introduced in 1999. It has a cast-iron block and aluminum heads and can be considered the "garden variety" version of the Generation III V-8s.

The 1999 LM7 engine produced 270 hp (201 kW) and 315 lb⋅ft (427 N⋅m) of torque.

The 2000-2003 engines made 285 hp (213 kW) and 325 lb⋅ft (441 N⋅m).

The 2004-2007 engines made 295 hp (220 kW) and 335 lb⋅ft (454 N⋅m) of torque.

The stock cam specs @ .050 lift are: 190/191 duration, .466/.457 lift, 114 LSA, 112/116 Timing

L59 [edit]

The Vortec 5300 L59 (VIN code "Z") is a flexible fuel version of the LM7. The 2002-2003 made 285 hp (213 kW) and 320 lb⋅ft (434 N⋅m), while the 2004-2007 L59s made 295 hp (220 kW) and 335 lb⋅ft (454 N⋅m).

L59 applications:

• 2002–2007 Chevrolet Avalanche Z71 Package
• 2002–2006 Chevrolet Tahoe/GMC Yukon
• 2002–2006 Chevrolet Suburban/GMC Yukon XL 1500
• 2002–2007 GMC Sierra 1500 / Chevrolet Silverado 1500

LM4 [edit]

The Vortec 5300 LM4 (VIN code "P") is an aluminum block version of the LM7, and had a short production life. The LM4s made 290 hp (216 kW) and 325 lb⋅ft (441 N⋅m), It should not be confused with the L33 described below.

LM4 applications:

• 2003–2005 Chevrolet TrailBlazer EXT
• 2003–2004 Isuzu Ascender
• 2003-2004 GMC Envoy XL
• 2003–2004 Chevrolet SSR
• 2004 Buick Rainier
• 2004 GMC Envoy XUV

L33 [edit]

The Vortec 5300 L33 (VIN code "B") is an aluminum block version of the LM7, known as the Vortec 5300 HO in marketing materials. The L33 uses flat top pistons from the 4.8L instead of standard dished pistons from the LM7. It also uses 799 cylinder heads, which are identical to 243 castings found on LS6s and LS2s, lacking only the Corvette spec valve springs and hollow stem exhaust valves on the 2002-2004 LS6. This combination increased the compression from 9.5:1 to 10.0:1. The L33 also had a specific camshaft not shared with any other engine, specs @ .050 duration are: 193 duration, .482 lift, 116 LSA. As a result, power increased by 15 hp (11 kW), to 310 hp (230 kW) and 335 lb·ft (441 N·m). It was only available on extended cab 4WD pickup trucks. Only 25% of trucks made in 2005 had the L33 engine.

L33 applications:

• 2005–2007 Chevrolet Silverado 1500 4WD
• 2005–2007 GMC Sierra 1500 4WD

4.00 in. bore blocks (1999–2007) [edit]

The 6.0 L is a larger version of the LS motor. 6.0 L blocks were cast of iron, designed to bridge the gap between the new small blocks and big blocks in truck applications. There were two versions of this engine: LQ4, and LQ9, the latter being more performance oriented.

6.0 L [edit]

The Vortec 6000 is a V-8 truck engine. Displacement is 5,967 cc (6.0 L; 364.1 cu in) from a bore and stroke of 101.6 mm × 92 mm (4.00 in × 3.62 in). It is an iron/aluminum (1999 & 2000 model year engines had cast iron heads) design and produces 300 to 345 hp (224 to 257 kW) and 360 to 380 lb⋅ft (488 to 515 N⋅m).

LQ4 [edit]

The Vortec 6000 LQ4, is a V-8 truck engine. Displacement is 5,967 cc (6.0 L; 364.1 cu in) from a bore and stroke of 101.6 mm × 92 mm (4.00 in × 3.62 in). It is an iron/aluminum (1999 & 2000 model year engines had cast iron heads) design and produces 300 to 325 hp (224 to 242 kW) and 360 to 370 lb⋅ft (488 to 502 N⋅m). LQ4s are built in Romulus, Michigan and Silao, Mexico.

(VIN U) Applications:

• Chevrolet Express/GMC Savana
• Chevrolet Silverado 2500 Pickup, 3500 Pickup, Crew Cab, and Chassis Cab/GMC Sierra 2500 HD Pickup and Crew Cab, C3, Denali, and 3500 Pickup and Chassis Cab, 1500HD Crew Cab
• Chevrolet Suburban/GMC Yukon XL Denali
• Hummer H2
• GMC Yukon Denali

LQ9 [edit]

The Vortec HO 6000 or VortecMAX is a special high-output version of the Vortec 6000 V-8 truck engine originally designed for Cadillac in 2002. This engine was renamed as the VortecMAX for 2006. It features high-compression (10:1) flat-top pistons for an extra 20 hp (15 kW) and 10 lb⋅ft (14 N⋅m), bringing output to 345 hp (257 kW) and 380 lb⋅ft (515 N⋅m). LQ9s are built only in Romulus, Michigan.

Generation IV (2005–2020) [edit]

Motor vehicle engine

Generation IV
GM LS2 engine in a 2005 Chevrolet Corvette C6
Overview
Manufacturer	General Motors
Also called	Vortec
Production	2004–2020
Layout
Configuration	90° V-8
Displacement	4,806 cc (293.3 cu in) 5,327 cc (325.1 cu in) 5,967 cc (364.1 cu in) 6,162 cc (376.0 cu in) 7,008 cc (427.7 cu in)
Cylinder bore	96 mm (3.78 in) 101.6 mm (4.00 in) 103.25 mm (4.065 in) 104.8 mm (4.126 in) 106.3 mm (4.185 in)
Piston stroke	83 mm (3.27 in) 92 mm (3.62 in) 101.6 mm (4.00 in) 104.8 mm (4.126 in)
Block material	Aluminum, Cast iron
Head material	Aluminum
Valvetrain	OHV 2 valves per cylinder
Combustion
Supercharger	Eaton four-lobe Roots type (LS9 & LSA)
Fuel system	Sequential multi-port fuel injection
Fuel type	Gasoline, E85
Oil system	Wet sump, Dry sump
Cooling system	Water-cooled
Chronology
Predecessor	Generation III
Successor	Generation V

In 2004, Generation III was superseded by the Generation IV. This category of engines has provisions for high-displacement ranges up to 7,441 cc (7.4 L; 454.1 cu in) and power output to 776 bhp (579 kW). Based on the Generation III design, Generation IV was designed with displacement on demand in mind, a technology that allows every other cylinder in the firing order to be deactivated. It can also accommodate variable valve timing.

A 3 valves per cylinder design was originally slated for the LS7, which would have been a first for a GM pushrod engine; but the idea was shelved owing to design complexities and when the same two-valve configuration as the other Generation III and IV engines proved to be sufficient to meet the goals for the LS7.

4.00 in. bore blocks (2005–present) [edit]

This family of blocks was the first of the generation IV small block with the LS2 being the progenitor of this family and generation. This family of blocks has seen a wide range of applications from performance vehicles to truck usage.

6.0 L [edit]

The Generation IV 6000 is a V8 engine that displaces 5,972 cc (6.0 L; 364.4 cu in) from bore and stroke of 101.6 mm × 92 mm (4.000 in × 3.622 in). It features either a cast iron or aluminum engine block with cast aluminum heads. Certain versions feature variable cam phasing, Active Fuel Management, and Flex-fuel capability.

LS2 [edit]

LS2 can also refer to the 1973–1974 Super Duty 455 cu in (7.5 L) Pontiac V8 engine

LS2 can also refer to the 1985 Oldsmobile Diesel V6 engine.

The LS2 was introduced as the Corvette's new base engine for the 2005 model year. It also appeared as the standard powerplant for the 2005–2006 GTO. It produces 400 bhp (298 kW) at 6000 rpm and 400 lb⋅ft (542 N⋅m) at 4400 rpm from a slightly larger displacement of 5,967 cc (6.0 L; 364.1 cu in). It is similar to the high-performance LS6, but with improved torque throughout the rpm range. The LS2 uses the "243" casting heads used on the LS6 (although without the sodium-filled valves), a smaller camshaft, and an additional 18 cubic inches (290 cc). The compression of the LS2 was also raised to 10.9:1 compared to the LS1s' 10.25:1 and the LS6s' 10.5:1. The LS2 in the E-series HSVs are modified in Australia to produce 412 bhp (307 kW) and 412 lb⋅ft (559 N⋅m) of torque. The LS2 in the Chevrolet Trailblazer SS and the Saab 9-7X Aero are rated at 395 bhp (295 kW) (2006–2007) or 390 bhp (291 kW) (2008–2009) and 400 lb⋅ft (542 N⋅m) of torque due to a different (sometimes referred to as a "truck") intake manifold that produces more torque at lower RPMs.

The LS2 is also used as the basis of the NASCAR Specification Engine that is used as an optional engine in NASCAR's Camping World Series East and West divisions starting in 2006, and starting in 2010 may also be used on tracks shorter than two kilometers (1.25 miles) in the Camping World Truck Series.^[5]

A version of NASCAR V-8 cylinder block cast in Compacted Graphite Iron by Grainger & Worrall won the UK's Casting of the Year Award 2010.^[6]

Applications:

• 2005-2007 Chevrolet Corvette
• 2005-2006 Chevrolet SSR
• 2006–2009 Chevrolet TrailBlazer SS
• 2006–2007 Cadillac CTS V-Series
• 2005-2006 Holden Monaro family:
  • 2005–2006 Pontiac GTO (peak power at 5200 rpm, peak torque at 4000 rpm)^[7]
  • 2005–2006 Vauxhall Monaro VXR
  • 2005–2006 HSV Coupé GTO
• 2005–2006 HSV SV6000
• 2005–2008 HSV Clubsport R8, Maloo R8, Senator Signature and GTS
• 2005–2008 HSV Grange
• 2008–2009 Saab 9-7X Aero

L76 [edit]

The L76 is derived from the LS2, and like the LS2 it features an aluminum engine block. However, the L76 does feature Active fuel management (AFM). While the displacement on demand technology was disabled on Holdens, this feature is enabled on the 2008 Pontiac G8 GT and subsequently refitted in the 2009 model Holdens with AFM enabled, but only on models fitted with the 6L80 Automatic Transmission. The engine also meets Euro III emissions requirements. Output is 348 bhp (260 kW) at 5600 rpm and 376 lb⋅ft (510 N⋅m) at 4400 rpm for the Holden variant, and 361 bhp (269 kW) and 385 lb⋅ft (522 N⋅m) for the G8 GT.^[8] The Vortec 6000 or new VortecMax version is based on the Holden L76 engine, and features variable cam phasing, along with Active Fuel Management. It can be considered the replacement for the Generation III LQ9 engine. It produces 367 hp (274 kW) at 5400 rpm and 375 lb⋅ft (508 N⋅m) at 4400 rpm. Production of the truck-spec L76 started in late 2006, and it was only available with the new body style Silverado and Sierra, as well as the then-new Suburban. The final year for the truck-spec L76 was 2009 for all three applications; it was replaced by the 6.2L L9H engine for MY 2010 in the pickup trucks.

L98 [edit]

The L98 is a slightly modified version of the L76. Since Holden did not use the displacement on demand technology of the L76, some redundant hardware was removed to form the L98. Power increased to 270 kW (362 bhp) at 5700 rpm and 530 N⋅m (391 lb⋅ft) at 4400 rpm.

L77 [edit]

L77 can also refer to the 455 Oldsmobile large crank journal engine.

L77 engines were released in the Holden Commodore Series II VE range in both manual and automatic transmissions, along with the Chevrolet Caprice PPV (police car). The L77 differs from the L76 with its inclusion of Flex-fuel capability, allowing it to run on E85 ethanol. The L77 is rated at 270 kW (362 hp) and 530 N⋅m (391 lb⋅ft) of torque in the manual Commodore SS and SS-V, in automatic Commodores it is rated at 260 kW (349 hp) and 517 N⋅m (381 lb⋅ft) of torque.

LY6 [edit]

The LY6 is a Generation IV small-block V-8 truck engine with a cast-iron block. It shares the same bore and stroke as its LQ4 predecessor. Like other Gen IV engines, it features variable valve timing. It generated 361 hp (269 kW) at 5,600 rpm and 385 lb⋅ft (522 N⋅m) of torque at 4,400 rpm using "regular" gas, or ~87 octane. Redline is 6,000 rpm and the compression ratio is 9.6:1. This engine uses L92 / LS3 style rectangle port cylinder heads, though without the sodium-filled exhaust valves of the LS3.

Applications:

• 2007–2009 Chevrolet Silverado HD
• 2007–2009 GMC Sierra HD
• 2007–2013 Chevrolet Suburban 3/4 ton
• 2007–2013 GMC Yukon XL 3/4 ton

L96 [edit]

The L96 is essentially identical to its predecessor, the LY6. The primary difference is that the L96 is Flex-Fuel capable, while the LY6 is not.

LFA [edit]

The LFA is a Generation IV small block V-8 truck engine. The LFA variant is used in the GM's "two mode" hybrid GMT900 trucks and SUVs, and is an all-aluminum design. It has a 10.8:1 compression ratio and produces 332 hp (248 kW) at 5100 rpm and 367 lb⋅ft (498 N⋅m) at 4100 rpm. Engine VIN code of 5.

In 2008 this engine was selected by Wards as one of the 10 best engines in any regular production vehicle.

LZ1 [edit]

The LZ1 is almost entirely based on its predecessor, the LFA, but with some revisions, such as including up-integrated electronic throttle control, long-life spark plugs, GM's Oil Life System, Active Fuel Management and variable valve timing.^[9] It has the same compression ratio, power and torque ratings as its predecessor, the LFA.

3.78 in. bore blocks (2005–present) [edit]

This family of blocks is just an updated version of its Generation III predecessor with Generation IV updates and capabilities. Applications of this family were mainly for trucks but did see some mild usage (with some modifications) in front-wheel-drive cars.

4.8 L [edit]

LY2 [edit]

The Vortec 4800 LY2 (VIN code "C") is a Generation IV small-block V-8 truck engine. Like its LR4 predecessor, it gets its displacement from a bore and stroke of 96 mm × 83 mm (3.78 in × 3.27 in). The smallest member of the Generation IV engine family is unique in that it is the only member of that family that is used in trucks that do not feature variable valve timing. It has a cast-iron block. Power output is 260–295 hp (194–220 kW) and torque is 295–305 lb⋅ft (400–414 N⋅m).

LY2 applications:

• 2008–2009 Chevrolet Express/GMC Savana
• 2007–2009 Chevrolet Silverado
• 2007–2009 Chevrolet Tahoe
• 2007–2009 GMC Sierra
• 2007–2009 GMC Yukon

L20 [edit]

The Vortec 4800 L20 makes more power and features variable valve timing. The system adjusts both intake and exhaust timing but does not come with Active Fuel Management. The L20 has a cast-iron block and power output is 260–302 hp (194–225 kW) while torque is 295–305 lb⋅ft (400–414 N⋅m). The Vortec 4800 base engines were dropped from the Chevrolet Tahoe and GMC Yukon in favor of the 5300 with Active Fuel Management.

L20 applications:

• 2010–2017 Chevrolet Express/GMC Savana
• 2010–2013 Chevrolet Silverado
• 2010–2013 GMC Sierra

5.3 L [edit]

The Generation IV 5.3L engines share all the improvements and refinements found in other Generation IV engines. 8 versions of the Gen IV 5.3L engine were produced: 3 iron blocks (LY5, LMG, and LMF) and 5 aluminum blocks (LH6, LH8, LH9, LC9, and LS4). All versions featured Active Fuel Management except for the LH8, LH9, and LMF.

LMF [edit]

Introduced in 2010, the LMF is a lower-tech version used in the lower volume half-ton vehicles cargo vans with AWD that still used the 4 speed automatic, and do not use Active Fuel Management.

LMF applications:

• 2010-2014 Chevrolet Express 1/2 ton AWD
• 2010-2014 GMC Savana 1/2 ton AWD

LH6 [edit]

The Vortec 5300 LH6 (VIN code "M") with Active Fuel Management replaced the LM4 for 2005, and was the first of the Generation IV small block V-8 truck engines to go into production. The LH6 produced 300 to 315 hp (224 to 235 kW) and 330 to 338 lb⋅ft (447 to 458 N⋅m). It is the aluminum block counterpart to the LY5.

LY5 [edit]

Introduced in 2007, the Vortec 5300 LY5 (VIN code "J") is the replacement for the LM7 Generation III engine. For SUV applications, it is rated at 320 hp (239 kW) and 340 lb⋅ft (461 N⋅m) of torque; while for pickup truck applications, it is rated at 315–320 hp (235–239 kW) at 5200 rpm and 335–340 lb⋅ft (454–461 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm

LMG [edit]

The Vortec 5300 LMG (VIN code "0") is the flexible-fuel version of the LY5. Power and torque ratings for SUV and pickup truck applications are the same as each application's LY5 rating. Variable valve timing was added for the 2010 model year.

LC9 [edit]

The Vortec 5300 LC9 (VIN code "3" or "7") is the aluminum block Flex-Fuel version of the LH6, and is found in 4WD models. SUV applications are rated at 320 hp (239 kW) at 5400 rpm and 335 lb⋅ft (454 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm.^[10] Pickup truck applications are rated at 315 hp (235 kW) at 5300 rpm and 335 lb⋅ft (454 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm.^[10] Variable valve timing was added for the 2010 model year.

LC9 applications:

• 2007–2013 Chevrolet Avalanche
• 2007–2013 Chevrolet Silverado 1500
• 2007–2014 Chevrolet Suburban 1/2 ton
• 2007–2013 GMC Sierra 1500
• 2007–2014 GMC Yukon XL 1/2 ton

LH8 [edit]

The LH8 was introduced in 2008 as the V-8 option for the Hummer H3. It was the most basic engine of its family, it did not use any special technology. Also known as the Vortec 5300, the LH8 was available in the H3 and GM mid-size pickups through 2009.

The LH8 is a variant of the 5.3 L Gen IV small block V-8 modified to fit in the engine bay of the GMT 345 SUV and GMT 355 trucks. It produces 300 hp (224 kW) at 5200 rpm and 320 lb⋅ft (434 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm. It has a displacement of 5,327 cc (5.3 L; 325.1 cu in)^[11] and a compression ratio of 9.9:1.^[12]

LH8 applications:

• 2008–2009 Hummer H3 Alpha
• 2009 Chevrolet Colorado/GMC Canyon

Specifications

Bore & stroke (in/mm):	3.78 x 3.62/96 x 92
Block material:	cast aluminum
Cylinder head material:	cast aluminum
Valvetrain:	OHV, 2 valves per cylinder
Ignition system:	coil near plug, platinum-tipped spark plugs, low-resistance spark plug wires
Fuel delivery:	sequential fuel injection
Compression ratio:	9.9:1
Horsepower (hp/kW @ rpm):	300/224 @ 5200
Torque (lb.-ft./Nm @ rpm):	320/434 @ 4000
Recommended fuel:	regular unleaded
Maximum engine speed (rpm):	6000
Emissions controls:	evaporative system, four close-couple and underfloor catalytic converters

LH9 [edit]

In 2010, the LH8 was replaced by the LH9. The LH9 was upgraded with Variable Valve Timing (VVT) and flex fuel capability. The Vortec 5300 LH9 produces 300 hp (224 kW) at 5200 rpm and 320 lb⋅ft (434 N⋅m) at 4000 rpm. It has a displacement of 5,327 cc (5.3 L; 325.1 cu in).^[11] The compression ratio was 9.9:1 for 2010, but was reduced to 9.7:1 for the remaining two years of production.^{[13] [14] [15]}

LH9 applications:

• 2010 Hummer H3 Alpha
• 2010–2012 Chevrolet Colorado/GMC Canyon

LS4 [edit]

LS4 can also refer to a 454 cu in (7.4 L) Chevrolet Big-Block engine of the 1970s

The LS4 is a 5,327 cc (5.3 L; 325.1 cu in) version of the Generation IV block. Though it has the same displacement as the Vortec 5300 LY5, it features an aluminum block instead of iron, and it uses the same cylinder head casting as the Generation III LS6 engine. The bell-housing bolt pattern differs from the rear-wheel-drive blocks.

This engine is adapted for transverse front-wheel drive applications. According to GM, "The crankshaft is shortened 13–3 mm (0.51–0.12 in) at the flywheel end and 10 mm (0.39 in) at the accessory drive end – to reduce the length of the engine compared to the 6.0 L. All accessories are driven by a single serpentine belt to save space. The water pump is mounted remotely with an elongated pump manifold that connects it to the coolant passages. Revised oil pan baffles, or windage trays, are incorporated into the LS4 to ensure that the oil sump stays loaded during high-g cornering."^[16] Active Fuel Management is also used. Output of this version is 303 hp (226 kW)/300 hp on LaCrosse Super and 323 lb⋅ft (438 N⋅m).

Applications:

• 2005–2008 Pontiac Grand Prix GXP
• 2006–2009 Chevrolet Impala SS
• 2006–2007 Chevrolet Monte Carlo SS
• 2008–2009 Buick LaCrosse Super

4.125 in. bore blocks (2006–present) [edit]

Inspired by the LS1.R in size and performance goals, this family of blocks was designed for race-oriented performance. The only engine with this bore size that was used in a production vehicle is the LS7 with the LSX being only for aftermarket use. One unique feature of this family is that the cylinders are siamesed, no water passages between neighboring cylinders.^[17] This was done to increase both bore size and block strength.

7.0 L [edit]

LS7 [edit]

LS7 can also refer to a 454 over the counter 460+ hp high compression engine Chevrolet Big-Block engine of the 1970s

The LS7 is a 7,011 cc (7.0 L; 427.8 cu in) engine, based on the Gen IV architecture. The block is changed, with sleeved cylinders in an aluminum block with a larger bore 4.125 in (104.8 mm) and longer stroke 4 in (101.6 mm) than the LS2. The small-block's 4.4 in (110 mm) bore spacing is retained, requiring pressed-in cylinder liners. The crankshaft and main bearing caps are forged steel for durability, the connecting rods are forged titanium, and the pistons are hypereutectic. The two-valve arrangement is retained, though the titanium intake valves by Del West have grown to 2.2 in (56 mm) and sodium-filled exhaust valves are up to 1.61 in (41 mm).

Peak output is 505 bhp (512 PS; 377 kW) at 6300 rpm (72.0 BHP/L) and 470 lb⋅ft (637 N⋅m) of torque at 4800 rpm with a 7000 rpm redline.^[18] During GM's reliability testing of this engine in its prototype phase, the LS7 was remarked to have been repeatedly tested to be 8000 rpm capable, although power was not recorded at that rpm level, due to the constraints of the camshaft's hydraulic lifters and the intake manifold ability to flow required air at that engine speed.

The LS7 is hand-built by the General Motors Performance Build Center in Wixom, Michigan. Most of these engines are installed in the Z06, some are also sold to individuals by GM as a crate engine. The 2014 and 2015 z28 were the only Camaros to receive the 427 LS7.

After an extensive engineering process over several years, Holden Special Vehicles fitted the LS7 to a special edition model: the W427. The HSV-tuned engine produced 375 kW (510 PS; 503 bhp) at 6500 rpm and 640 N⋅m (472 lb⋅ft) at 5000 rpm of torque.^[19] It was unveiled at the Melbourne International Motor Show on February 29, 2008^[20] and went on sale in August 2008. The first Australian car to be fitted with this engine, however, was the CSV GTS of 2007, which was claimed to have a power output of 400 kW (536 hp) and 600 N⋅m (443 lb⋅ft).^[21]

4.06 in. bore blocks (2007–present) [edit]

This family was designed as a replacement for the LS2 but enlarged to better accommodate variable valve timing and Active Fuel Management while still generating good performance. This family of engines has mainly seen duty in performance cars and high-end SUVs.

6.2 L [edit]

L92 [edit]

The 2007 Cadillac Escalade has a 6,162 cc (6.2 L; 376.0 cu in) Vortec 6200 (RPO L92) engine. It is an all-aluminum design which, while still a pushrod engine, boasts variable valve timing. The system adjusts both intake and exhaust timing between two settings. This engine produces 403 hp (301 kW) and 417 lb⋅ft (565 N⋅m) in the GMC Yukon Denali/XL Denali, GMC Sierra Denali, Hummer H2, and briefly in the Chevrolet Tahoe LTZ (midway through MY 2008 through MY 2009) and rated at 403 hp (301 kW) and 415 lb⋅ft (563 N⋅m). Starting in 2009, it was also available in the Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra, as the L9H, with power ratings of 403 hp (301 kW) and 417 lb⋅ft (565 N⋅m). Engines built prior to April 1, 2006, contained AFM components, but the software was not present in the PCM and thus the system was not functional. Engines built after this date did not have any AFM components, and instead used a valley cover plate similar to the L20, save for the L94 variants mentioned below.

The 2009 L92 was modified with Flex Fuel capability, becoming the L9H. In 2010, the L9H was further modified with Active Fuel Management, becoming the L94 (in the Cadillac Escalade and GMC Yukon Denali).

LS3 [edit]

LS3 can also refer to a 402 cu in (6.6 L) Chevrolet Big-Block engine of the 1970s

The LS3 was introduced as the Corvette's new base engine for the 2008 model year. It produces 430 bhp (321 kW; 436 PS) at 5900 rpm and 424 lb⋅ft (575 N⋅m) at 4600 rpm without the optional Corvette exhaust and is SAE certified. The block is an updated version of the LS2 casting featuring a larger bore of 103.25 mm (4.065 in) creating a displacement of 6,162 cc (6.2 L; 376.0 cu in). It also features higher flowing cylinder heads sourced from the L92, a more aggressive camshaft with 0.551 in (14 mm) lift, a 10.7:1 compression ratio, a revised valvetrain with 0.236 in (6 mm) offset intake rocker arms, a high-flow intake manifold and 47 lb (21 kg)/hr fuel injectors from the LS7 engine.

The L76/L92/LS3 cylinder heads use 2.165 in (55 mm) intake valves, and 1.59 in (40 mm) exhaust valves. Improved manufacturing efficiency makes these heads cheaper to produce than the outgoing LS6 heads, significantly undercutting the price of aftermarket heads. The large valves, however, limit maximum rpm - 6000 in the L76 (with AFM), and 6600 in the LS3 (with hollow stem valves).

In addition to the above, a dual-mode exhaust package with a bypass on acceleration was available on C6 Corvettes. The dual-mode exhaust uses vacuum-actuated outlet valves, which control engine noise during low-load operation, but open for maximum performance during high-load operation. The system is similar to the C6 Z06, but uses a 2.5 in (64 mm) diameter exhaust compared to the Z06's 3 in (76.2 mm). Power is boosted to 436 hp (325 kW) and 428 lb⋅ft (580 N⋅m) with this option. A similar system was optional on later model 5th generation Chevrolet Camaros and standard on the 2016-2017 Chevrolet SS, but no horsepower or torque increases were advertised on those vehicles.

From April 2008, Australian performance car manufacturer HSV adopted the LS3 as its standard V-8 throughout the range, replacing the LS2. The LS3 received modifications for its application to HSV E Series models, producing 425 bhp (317 kW). The LS3 engine in the E Series II GTS (released September 2009) was upgraded to produce 436 bhp (325 kW). All HSV MY12.5 excluding the base Maloo and Clubsport variants have been upgraded to produce 436 bhp (325 kW).

From September 2015 Holden introduced the LS3 in all V-8 models of the VF II Commodore and WN II Caprice-V, replacing the 6.0L L77.

Applications:

• 2008–2013 Chevrolet Corvette
• 2011 Jensen Interceptor R
• 2010–2015 Chevrolet Camaro SS (manual only)
• 2008–2017 Various Holden vehicles including:
  • 2009 Pontiac G8 GXP
  • 2014–2017 Chevrolet SS

L99 [edit]

The L99 is derived from the LS3 with reduced output but adds Active Fuel Management (formerly called Displacement on Demand) and variable valve timing, which allows it to run on only four cylinders during light load conditions.

Applications:

• 2010–2015 Chevrolet Camaro SS (Automatic Transmission)

LS9 [edit]

The Gen IV LS9 is a supercharged 6,162 cc (6.2 L; 376.0 cu in) engine, based on the LS3; the LS7 block was not used due to the higher cylinder pressures created by the supercharger requiring the thicker cylinder walls of the LS3. Cylinder dimensions are now bore and stroke of 103.25 mm × 92 mm (4.065 in × 3.622 in). It is equipped with an Eaton four-lobe Roots type supercharger and has a compression ratio of 9.1:1. Power output is rated 638 bhp (647 PS; 476 kW) at 6500 rpm and 604 lb⋅ft (819 N⋅m) at 3800 rpm of torque.^[23] Note: GM previously used the LS9 RPO code on 1969 and later Chevrolet trucks (both 2WD and 4WD) including Blazers, Jimmys, Suburbans, as well as car carriers. The original LS9 was a 350 cu in (5.7 L) V-8, developing 160 hp (119 kW) and 245 lb⋅ft (332 N⋅m) of torque. In 2017, Holden Special Vehicles used a modified version of the LS9 in their GTSR W1, the last ever Holden Commodore based vehicle produced in Australia.

Applications:

• 2009–2013 Chevrolet Corvette ZR1

LSA [edit]

The supercharged 6.2L LSA is similar to the LS9 and debuted in the 2009 CTS-V. The LSA has been SAE certified at 556 bhp (415 kW) at 6100 rpm and 551 lb⋅ft (747 N⋅m) at 3800 rpm. GM labeled it "the most powerful ever offered in Cadillac's nearly 106-year history". The LSA features a smaller 1.9 L (120 cu in) capacity supercharger rather than the 2.3 L (140 cu in) variant of the LS9. Other differences include a slightly lower 9.0:1 compression ratio, single unit heat exchanger and cast pistons.

A 580 bhp (433 kW) and 556 lb⋅ft (754 N⋅m) version of the LSA engine is used in the 2012 Camaro ZL1. On May 15, 2013, Holden Special Vehicles announced that this version of the LSA engine will also be used in the GEN-F GTS.

Generation V (2013–present) [edit]

Motor vehicle engine

Generation V
Overview
Manufacturer	General Motors
Also called	Ecotec3
Production	2013–present
Layout
Configuration	V-8
Displacement	4,301 cc (262.5 cu in) 5,328 cc (325.1 cu in) 6,162 cc (376.0 cu in)
Cylinder bore	99.6 mm (3.92 in) 96 mm (3.78 in) 103.25 mm (4.065 in)
Piston stroke	92 mm (3.622 in)
Block material	Aluminum, Cast iron
Head material	Aluminum
Valvetrain	OHV 2 valves / cyl.
Compression ratio	10.0:1 11.0:1 11.5:1
Combustion
Supercharger	Eaton TVS supercharger (LT4 & LT5)
Fuel system	Direct injection
Fuel type	Gasoline, E85
Oil system	Wet sump
Cooling system	Water-cooled
Chronology
Predecessor	Generation IV

In 2007, wardsauto.com reported that the LS3 (used by 2008 Chevrolet Corvette) and Vortec 6000 LFA (used by 2008 Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid) engines would be the final two designs in the Generation IV small-block engine family, and the future designs would be part of the Generation V engine family. An experimental engine was built based on L92 engine from Cadillac Escalade, GMC Yukon Denali and Hummer H2, and reported to generate 450 bhp (336 kW) on gasoline via direct fuel injection, increased compression ratio to 11.5:1, and a modified engine controller.^[24] The first Gen V LT engine was the LT1, announced in 2012 as the initial powerplant for the redesigned Corvette C7, succeeding the LS engine family. The new logo formally adopts the Small Block name for the engines.

The fifth generation of the iconic GM small block engine family features the same cam-in-block architecture and 4.4 in (110 mm) bore centers (the distance between the centers of each cylinder) that were born with the original small block in 1954. Structurally, the Gen-V small-block is similar to the Gen III/IV engines, including a deep-skirt cylinder block. Refinements and new or revised components are used throughout, including a revised cooling system and all-new cylinder heads. Because the positions of the intake and exhaust valves are flipped from where they would be in an LS engine, as well as the need for an addition to the camshaft to drive the high-pressure fuel pump for the direct fuel injection, few parts are interchangeable with the Gen III/IV engines.

All Gen V engines are aluminum blocks (except for the L8T) with aluminum cylinder heads, and include direct injection, piston cooling jets, active fuel management, variable displacement oil pump, and continuously variable valve timing. However, they all retain their ancestors' two-valve pushrod valvetrain.

4.06 in. bore blocks (2014–present) [edit]

This family of blocks was the first of the generation V small block with the LT1 being the progenitor of this family and generation. This family of blocks has seen a wide range of applications from performance vehicles to truck usage.

6.2 L [edit]

LT1 [edit]

The 6.2 L; 376.0 cu in (6,162 cc) LT1 engine debuted in the 2014 Chevrolet Corvette Stingray and is the first Generation V small block engine. Like its LS3 predecessor, it gets its displacement from a bore and stroke of 103.25 mm × 92 mm (4.065 in × 3.622 in) with a compression ratio of 11.5 to 1.

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2014–2019	Chevrolet Corvette C7	455 hp (339 kW) @ 6000 rpm	460 lb⋅ft (624 N⋅m) @ 4600 rpm	link
		460 hp (343 kW) @ 6000 rpm (Performance Exhaust)	465 lb⋅ft (630 N⋅m) @ 4600 rpm (Performance Exhaust)	link
2016–present	Chevrolet Camaro SS	455 hp (339 kW) @ 6000 rpm	455 lb⋅ft (617 N⋅m) @ 4400 rpm

LT2 [edit]

The LT2 engine debuted in the 2020 Corvette Stingray as the successor to the LT1. It was designed specifically with mid-engine placement and dry-sump lubrication in mind.

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2020–present	Chevrolet Corvette C8	490 hp (365 kW) @ 6450 rpm	465 lb⋅ft (630 N⋅m) @ 5150 rpm
		495 hp (369 kW) @ 6450 rpm (Performance Exhaust)	470 lb⋅ft (637 N⋅m) @ 5150 rpm (Performance Exhaust)

L86/L87 [edit]

The 6.2 L; 376.0 cu in (6,162 cc) EcoTec3 is a Generation V small-block V-8 truck engine (VIN Code "J"). The L86 is an LT1 engine modified for truck use with a compression ratio of 11.5 to 1. In 2019, GM introduced the L87 as the successor to the L86. Power and Torque remain the same, but whereas the L86's 'Active Fuel Management' alternates between V-4 & V-8 modes, the L87's 'Dynamic Fuel Management' can alternate between any of 17 different firing orders which vary both how many and which cylinder[s] are actually firing based on demand calculated every 125 milliseconds.

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2014–present	Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra	420 hp (313 kW) @ 5600 rpm	460 lb⋅ft (624 N⋅m) @ 4100 rpm	link
	Chevrolet Tahoe/GMC Yukon			link
	Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV			link
2014–present	Chevrolet Suburban/GMC Yukon XL			link

LT4 [edit]

The 6.2 L; 376.0 cu in (6,162 cc) LT4 engine builds on the design strengths of the previous LS9 supercharged engine used in the sixth-generation Corvette ZR1 and leverages the technologies introduced on the seventh-generation Corvette Stingray, including direct injection, cylinder deactivation, and continuously variable valve timing, to take Corvette performance to an all-new level. The LT4 engine is based on the same Gen 5 small block foundation as the Corvette Stingray's LT1 6.2 L naturally aspirated engine, incorporating several unique features designed to support its higher output and the greater cylinder pressures created by forced induction, including: Rotocast A356T6 aluminum cylinder heads that are stronger and handle heat better than conventional aluminum heads, lightweight titanium intake valves, forged powder metal steel connecting rods, 10.0:1 compression ratio, enhances performance and efficiency and is enabled by direct injection, forged aluminum pistons with unique, stronger structure to ensure strength under high cylinder pressures, stainless steel exhaust manifolds for structure at higher temperatures, aluminum balancer for reduced mass, and standard dry-sump oiling system with a dual-pressure-control oil pump.^[25] The engine uses a 1.7 L (103.7 cu in) Eaton TVS Supercharger. Although smaller than the previous 2.3 L (140.4 cu in) supercharger used on the sixth-gen ZR1, it spins to 5000 rpm faster thus generating boost quicker while making only slightly less total boost than the LS9 engine.^[26]

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2015–2019	Chevrolet Corvette Z06	650 hp (485 kW) @ 6400 rpm	650 lb⋅ft (881 N⋅m) @ 3600 rpm	link
2016–2019	Cadillac CTS-V	640 hp (477 kW) @ 6400 rpm	630 lb⋅ft (854 N⋅m) @ 3600 rpm
2017–present	Chevrolet Camaro ZL1	650 hp (485 kW) @ 6400 rpm	650 lb⋅ft (881 N⋅m) @ 3600 rpm	link
2022–present	Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing	668 hp	659 lb-ft

LT5 [edit]

The 6.2 L; 376.0 cu in (6,162 cc) LT5 engine debuted in the seventh-generation Corvette ZR1 at the 2017 Dubai Motor Show. It draws its name from the 5.7 L LT5 from the C4, and was manufactured from 1989–1993. The original LT5 is rarely known as a Chevy small block V8, as it was designed by Lotus, built by Mercury Marine, and implements a DOHC 32-valve multi-port injection system, instead of the 16-valve push-rod design. The new (and unrelated) LT5, however, has increased its displacement from 5.7 to 6.2 L (350 to 380 cu in), retains the Gen V OHV valvetrain, and is topped with a 2.6 L (158.7 cu in) Eaton TVS supercharger and an improved intercooler. It simultaneously couples the standard direct injection system found on Gen 5 engines with port fuel injection. Power output is 755 hp (765 PS; 563 kW) at 6400 rpm and 715 lb⋅ft (969 N⋅m) of torque at 3600 rpm.

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2019	Chevrolet Corvette ZR1	755 hp (563 kW) @ 6400 rpm	715 lb⋅ft (969 N⋅m) @ 3600 rpm

6.6 L [edit]

L8T [edit]

The L8T is the first iron block member of the Gen V family. It shares its 103.25 mm (4.065 in) bore with the L86, but with a longer stroke of 98 mm (3.9 in) to displace 6.6 liters. It is rated for 401 hp (299 kW) at 5,200 rpm and 464 lb⋅ft (629 N⋅m) of torque at 4,000 rpm. The compression ratio is 10.8:1. The longer stroke yields little additional peak torque output compared to the L86, but only requires 87 Octane. The stroke is also shorter than the LS7's 101.6 mm (4.00 in), to optimize rod ratio for reliability.

Rather than allow a "high-strung" small block to fail the HD truck market, the iron block, lack of both stop-start and cylinder deactivation, longer stroke and rod ratio, lower compression, mere 87 Octane requirement, and greater displacement all suggest that the L8T was designed specifically to assuage the HD truck market's concerns.^{[27] [28]}

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2020–present	Chevrolet Silverado HD/GMC Sierra HD	401 hp (299 kW) @ 5200 rpm	464 lb⋅ft (629 N⋅m) @ 4000 rpm	link
2021–present	Chevrolet Express/GMC Savana

3.78 in. bore blocks (2014–present) [edit]

Unlike the previous Generation III/IV 3.78 in (96 mm) bore block families, there is no 4.8 L (290 cu in) displacement variant (having been 'replaced' by GM's 5th Generation LT V-8-based V6, the 4.3 L (260 cu in) LV3).

5.3 L [edit]

L83 [edit]

Dubbed EcoTec3 5.3 L (320 cu in) is a Generation V small block V-8 truck engine (VIN Code "C"). Like its Vortec 5300 Generation IV predecessor, it gets its displacement from a bore and stroke of 96 mm × 92 mm (3.78 in × 3.62 in) with a compression ratio of 11.0 to 1.

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2014–2019	Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra	355 hp (265 kW) @ 5600 rpm	383 lb⋅ft (519 N⋅m) @ 4100 rpm	link
		376 hp (280 kW) @ 5600 rpm E85	416 lb⋅ft (564 N⋅m) @ 4000 rpm E85
2014–present	Chevrolet Tahoe/GMC Yukon	355 hp (265 kW) @ 5600 rpm	383 lb⋅ft (519 N⋅m) @ 4100 rpm	link
		376 hp (280 kW) @ 5600 rpm E85	416 lb⋅ft (564 N⋅m) @ 4000 rpm E85
2014–present	Chevrolet Suburban/GMC Yukon XL	355 hp (265 kW) @ 5600 rpm	383 lb⋅ft (519 N⋅m) @ 4100 rpm	link
		376 hp (280 kW) @ 5600 rpm E85	416 lb⋅ft (564 N⋅m) @ 4000 rpm E85

L8B [edit]

The L8B is an eAssist mild hybrid version of the L83 featuring a .45-KWH lithium ion battery pack. This setup can improve fuel efficiency by about 13%. This adds about 100 lb (45 kg) to the total weight of the truck but provides an additional 13 hp (10 kW) and 44 lb⋅ft (60 N⋅m).^{[29] [30]}

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2016–2018	Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra	355 hp (265 kW) @ 5600 rpm	383 lb⋅ft (519 N⋅m) @ 4100 rpm

L82 [edit]

The L82 is one of two 5.3 liter V-8s available in the 4th generation Chevrolet Silverado and 5th generation GMC Sierra. The L82 uses Active Fuel Management instead of the L84's Dynamic Fuel Management system and is only available on lower-trim trucks.

L84 [edit]

The L84 is one of two 5.3 liter V-8s available in the 4th generation Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra. The L84 is distinguished from the L82 by the presence of the Dynamic Fuel Management System and is either available or standard on mid- to high-level trims.

3.921 in. bore blocks (2014–present) [edit]

These V6 engines are based on the V-8 version of the Gen V family, but with two fewer cylinders - a design lineage that dates back to the previous 4.3 L V6, which was itself a Gen I small block with a pair of cylinders removed.

Of special note, there were no V6 engines based on Generation II, III, or IV small-block V-8s.

4.3 L [edit]

Dubbed EcoTec3 4.3 L (260 cu in) is a Generation V small block V6 truck engine. It gets its displacement from bore and stroke of 99.6 mm × 92 mm (3.921 in × 3.622 in) with a compression ratio of 11.0 to 1. Firing order is 1-6-5-4-3-2.^[31]

This engine replaces the unrelated 4.3 L V6 whose lineage dates back to 1978.

LV3 [edit]

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2014–2021	Chevrolet Silverado/GMC Sierra	285 hp (213 kW) @ 5300 rpm	305 lb⋅ft (414 N⋅m) @ 3900 rpm	link
		297 hp (221 kW) @ 5300 rpm E85	330 lb⋅ft (447 N⋅m) @ 3900 rpm E85

LV1 [edit]

The engine is essentially the same as the LV3, but without Active Fuel Management technology. The LV1 made its debut in the 2018 model year GM full-size vans — the 2018 Chevrolet Express and 2018 GMC Savana.^[32]

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque
2018-	Chevrolet Express/GMC Savana	265 hp (198 kW) @ 5200 rpm	295 lb⋅ft (400 N⋅m) @ 4000 rpm

Generation VI (2023–) [edit]

Motor vehicle engine

Generation VI
Overview
Manufacturer	General Motors
Production	2023-
Layout
Configuration	90° V-8
Displacement	5,463 cc (333.4 cu in)
Cylinder bore	104.25 mm (4.104 in)
Piston stroke	80 mm (3.1 in)
Block material	Aluminum
Head material	Aluminium
Valvetrain	DOHC 4 valves
Combustion
Fuel system	Direct fuel injection
Management	GM E68 (32-bit)
Fuel type	Gasoline
Oil system	Dry sump
Cooling system	Water-cooled
Output
Power output	670 bhp (500 kW) @ 8,400 RPM
Torque output	460 lb⋅ft (624 N⋅m) @ 6,000 RPM
Chronology
Predecessor	Generation V

With the introduction of the LT6 engine comes a new, sixth-generation architecture. This architecture, with dual-overhead cams strays away from the traditional pushrod valve design that Chevrolet engines are known for. The LT6 features an aluminium block, fully machined heads and a dry sump oil system.

4.106 in. bore blocks (2023-) [edit]

5.5 L [edit]

LT6 [edit]

The all-new 5.5 L (333.7 cu in) LT6 engine debuted in the eighth-generation Corvette Z06, and was unveiled on October 26, 2021. Chevrolet claims that this is engine "is the closest collaboration between any street and racing program yet."^[33]

The Z06 uses a new naturally aspirated 5.5 L V8 producing 670 hp (500 kW; 679 PS) at 8,400 rpm, 460 lb⋅ft (624 N⋅m) of torque at 6,300 rpm and has a redline of 8,600 rpm.^{[34] [35]} This engine, dubbed the LT6, features a double overhead camshaft (DOHC) and a flat-plane crank, and surpasses the 6.2 L Mercedes-Benz SLS AMG Black Series' M159 engine, which makes 622 hp (464 kW; 631 PS) at 7,400 rpm, to become the most powerful naturally aspirated production V8 engine of all time.^[36] A modified version of this engine has powered the C8.R since 2019, and many features in the racing engine carry over to the road engine.^[37] Other features this new engine includes is a cast aluminium block, dual coil valve springs supporting titanium intake & sodium filled exhaust valves, forged aluminium pistons, forged titanium connecting rods, active split intake manifold with twin 87mm throttle bodies, four into two into one stainless steel exhaust headers, and a factory six-stage 10-quart dry sump oiling system with individual crank bay scavenging.^[35] A feature the LT6 shares with other Chevrolet small blocks is the bore spacing of 4.4 inches.^{[35] [37]}

Applications:

Year(s)	Model	Power	Torque	Dyno Chart
2023	Chevrolet Corvette Z06	670 hp (500 kW) @ 8400 rpm	460 lb⋅ft (624 N⋅m) @ 6300 rpm

Engine table [edit]

The 8th character in the VIN or the RPO code from the glove box sticker can be used to identify which type of LS engine a vehicle has.

Note 1: depending upon vehicle application (truck, suv, car); horsepower, torque, and fuel requirements will vary. VIN code indicating engine RPO is usually not consistent between vehicle types (cars or trucks) or years. with few exceptions, RPM redline is generally 6000 or higher
Note 2: block features are generally dependent upon the Generation but are not always built-in. typical features are AFM (Advanced Fuel Management), VVT (Variable Valve Train), Front Wheel Drive (FWD) and other improvements. features marked with an * indicate that only certain model years have that feature

Gen III/IV/V	Years offered	Engine code (VIN code)	Power (hp)	Torque (lb.-ft.)	Size (L)	Fuel type	Bore (in)	Stroke (in)	Compression ratio	Block & heads	Block features
III	1997-05	LS1 (G)	305-350 @ 5600	350-365 @ 4400	5.7	91[38]	3.90	3.62	10.25:1	Aluminum
III	2001-05	LS6 (S)	385-405 @ 6000	385-400 @ 4800	5.7		3.90	3.62	10.5:1	Aluminum
III	1999-07	LR4 (V)	255-285	285-295	4.8		3.78	3.3	9.45:1	Iron/Alum. heads
III	1999-07	LM7 (T)	270-295	315-335	5.3		3.78	3.62	9.49:1	Iron/Alum. heads
III	2002-07	L59 (Z)	285-295	320-335	5.3	E85-capable	3.78	3.62	9.9:1	Iron/Alum. heads
III	2003-04	LM4 (P)	290	325	5.3		3.78	3.62	10.0:1	Aluminum
III	2005-08	L33 (B)	310 @ 5200	335 @ 4400	5.3		3.78	3.62	10.0:1	Aluminum	Only available on 4WD ECSB trucks
III	1999-08	LQ4 (U)	300-325 @ 5200	360-370 @ 4400	6.0		4.00	3.62	9.4:1	Iron/Iron-Alum. heads
III	2002-07	LQ9 (N)	345 @ 5200	380 @ 4000	6.0		4.00	3.62	10.0:1	Iron/Alum. heads
IV	2008-17	LS3 (W)	426-436 @ 5900	420-428 @ 4600	6.2	93rec	4.06	3.62	10.7:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	sodium exhaust valves
IV	2010-15	L99 (J)	400 @ 5900	410 @ 4300	6.2	E85-capable	4.06	3.62	10.4:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	AFM, VVT,
IV	2009-15	LSA (P)	556-580 @ 6100	551-556 @ 3800	6.2	93req	4.06	3.62	9.1:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	1.9L Supercharger
IV	2010-14	L94 (F)	403 @ 5700	417 @ 4300	6.2	E85-capable	4.06	3.62	10.4:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	AFM, VVT
IV	2007-09	L76 (Y)	361-367 @ 5600	375-385 @ 4400	6.0		4.00	3.62	10.4:1	Aluminum	AFM, VVT (truck applications only)
IV	2011-16	L77 (2)	362 @ 5700	391 @ 4400	6.0	E85-capable	4.00	3.62	10.4:1	Aluminum	AFM
IV	2010-20	L96 (G)	322-360 @ 4400-5400	373-382 @ 4200-4400	6.0	E85-capable	4.00	3.62	9.7:1	Iron/Alum. heads	VVT
IV	2009-10	L98 (H)	362 @ 5700	391 @ 4400	6.0		4.00	3.62	10.4:1	Aluminum	L76 with AFM hardware removed
IV	2007-09	LY2 (C)	260-295	295-305	4.8		3.78	3.3	9.08:1	Iron/Alum. heads	no VVT
IV	2010-12	L20 (A)	260-302 @ 5400	295-305 @ 4600	4.8	E85-capable	3.78	3.3	8.8:1	Iron/Alum. heads	no AFM, VVT
IV	2005-09	LH6 (M)	300-315	330-338	5.3		3.78	3.62	9.95:1	Aluminum	AFM, VVT*
IV	2007-09	LY5 (J)	315-320 @ 5200	335-340 @ 4000	5.3		3.78	3.62	9.95:1	Iron/Alum. heads	AFM, VVT*
IV	2007-13	LMG (0)	315-320 @ 5200	335-340 @ 4000	5.3	E85-capable	3.78	3.62	9.6:1	Iron/Alum. heads	AFM, VVT*
IV	2007-12	LC9 (3) or (7)	315-320 @ 5400	335 @ 4000	5.3	E85-capable	3.78	3.62	9.95:1	Aluminum	AFM, VVT*
IV	2005-09	LS4 (C)	303 @ 5600	323 @ 4400	5.3		3.78	3.62	10.0:1	Aluminum	AFM, FWD
IV	2008-09	LH8 (L)	300 @ 5200	320 @ 4000	5.3		3.78	3.62		Aluminum
IV	2007-08	L92 (8)	403	415	6.2		4.06	3.62	10.5:1	Aluminum	VVT
IV	2009-13	L9H (2)	403	415	6.2	E85-capable*	4.06	3.62	10.5:1	Aluminum	VVT
IV	2005–07,09	LS2 (U)	390-400 @ 6000	400 @ 4400	6.0	93	4.00	3.62	10.9:1	Aluminum
IV	2007-10	LY6 (K)	361 @ 5600	385 @ 4400	6.0		4.00	3.62	9.67:1	Iron/Alum. heads	VVT
IV	2008-09	LFA (5)	332 @ 5100	367 @ 4100	6.0	Hybrid	4.00	3.62	10.8:1	Aluminum	AFM
IV	2010-12	LZ1 (J)	332 @ 5100	367 @ 4100	6.0	Hybrid	4.00	3.62	10.8:1	Aluminum	AFM | VVT
IV	2009-13	LS9 (R/T)[39]	638 @ 6500	604 @ 3800	6.2	92	4.065	3.62	9.1:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	2.3L Supercharger | Ti connecting rods | forged pistons | dry sump
IV	2006-15	LS7 (E)	505 @ 6300	470 @ 4800	7.0	91	4.125	4.00	11.0:1[40]	Aluminum	Ti connecting rods | dry sump
IV/V	Aftermarket	LSX376	473 @ 6000	444 @ 5000	6.2	Regular	4.06	3.62	9:1	Iron/Alum. heads
IV/V	OEM	LSX454	505 @ 5400	515 @ 4400	7.4	Premium	4.185	4.125	10.0:1	Iron/Alum. heads
IV/V	Aftermarket	LSX454	627 @ 6300	586 @ 5100	7.4	92	4.185	4.125	11.0:1	Iron/Alum. heads
IV/V	Aftermarket	LSX454R	776 @ 7000	680 @ 4500	7.4	110	4.185	4.125	13.1:1	Iron/Alum. heads[41]
V	2014–present	LT1	455-460 @ 6000	460-465 @ 4600	6.2	93rec	4.06	3.62	11.5:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	VVT | DI | dry sump(Corvette) | AFM
V	2020–present	LT2	490-495 @ 6450	465-470 @ 5150	6.2		4.06	3.62	11.5:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	VVT | DI | dry sump | AFM
V	2015–present	LT4	640-650 @ 6400	630-650 @ 3600	6.2		4.06	3.62	10:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	VVT | DI | 1.7L supercharger | dry sump(Corvette) | AFM
V	2018–2020	LT5	755 @ 6400	715 @ 3600	6.2		4.06	3.62	10:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	VVT | Hybrid port/direct injection | 2.6L supercharger | dry sump
V	2014–present	L83 (C)	355-376 @ 5600	383-416 @ 4100	5.3	E85-capable	3.78	3.62	11.0:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	VVT | DI | AFM
V	2014–present	L86 (J)	420 @ 5600	460 @ 4100	6.2	NOT E85-capable	4.06	3.62	11.5:1	Aluminum/Alum. heads	VVT | DI | AFM
V	2020–	L8T[42]	401 @ 5200	464 @ 4000	6.6	87	4.06	3.85	10.5:1	Iron/Alum. heads	VVT | DI
VI	2023-	LT6	670 @ 8400	460 @ 6300	5.5		4.11	3.1	12.5:1	Aluminium	DOHC, flat-plane crank, variable inlet plenum, dry sump

Problems [edit]

In the early production run of the LS-series engine, some engines encountered 'piston slap' during the first few minutes after a cold engine start; this sound is caused by the pistons rocking slightly in the cylinder until they reach operating temperature/size. 'Piston slap' sometimes sounds more like a knock or the sound of a diesel engine running. It is typically only present when the engine is cold and disappears as the engine reaches operating temperature. The noise of 'piston slap' often is louder when listening for it below the oil pan.

Another common problem with the 2001-2006 5.3L engines was cracking cylinder heads. This is commonly called the 'Castech Head' failure on the internet. GM issued a TSB on this failure to help service techs identify the problem. The head casting number (which can be viewed from the passenger side of the vehicle just in front of the valve cover) was 706. Some heads with this casting number would fail (but not all of them) as GM had different suppliers for the same head. The failure was due to undetected porosity around the oil drains in the head.^[43]

Build-your-own program [edit]

In 2011, Chevrolet Performance began to offer the build your own engine program for LS7 (part number 19259944) or LS9 (part number 19259945) crate engines. It also provides customers the experience of visiting GM's unique Performance Build Center in Wixom, Michigan, where they will join a specially trained engine builder to assist in the start-to-finish assembly of the engine they purchased – from installing the crankshaft in the cylinder block to topping off the engine with its intake system. In the case of the LS9, it also means installing the supercharger assembly. Upon completion, a personalized nameplate is added to the engine.^[44]

The build-your-own engine program associated with the V-8 engines, available for buyers of Chevrolet Corvette, Cadillac XLR, and certain top-spec Chevrolet Camaro models, were temporarily halted after the closure of GM Performance Build Center in Wixom, Michigan. The program's venue was reported to be relocated to the Corvette assembly plant in Bowling Green, Kentucky.^[45]

Aftermarket [edit]

LS7.R

The LS7.R engine is a variation of the LS7 used in the highly successful C6.R American Le Mans Series racecar. It was crowned as Global Motorsport Engine of the year by a jury of 50 race engine engineers on the Professional Motorsport World Expo 2006 in Cologne, Germany.

LSX

LSx is also used to denote any LS engine.

At the 2006 SEMA show, GM Performance Parts introduced the LSX engine, an all-new cast-iron racing block based on the LS7 engine. It was designed with help from drag racing legend Warren Johnson. It offers displacements ranging from 364 to 511 cu in (6.0 to 8.4 L) with a bore x stroke of 4+ 1⁄4  in ×4+ 1⁄2  in (108.0 mm × 114.3 mm) and is capable of withstanding 2,500 bhp (1,864 kW). This block incorporates two extra rows of head-bolt holes per bank for increased clamping capacity. The six bolt steel main caps are the same ones used on the LS7 engine. The engine debuted at the auto show in a customized 1969 Camaro owned by Reggie Jackson. The LSX will be available starting the second quarter of 2007, set to be available in authorized dealerships and retailers on March 31, 2007. The Hennessey Venom GT also uses the LSX engine based on LS7.^[46]

Chevrolet Performance LSX Bowtie block includes LSX specific six-bolts-per-cylinder head bolt pattern, billet-steel six-bolt dowel-located main bearing caps, extra-thick deck for maximum clamping force, extra-thick cylinder walls allow increased bore capacity (maximum 4.2 in (106.7 mm) bore still allows 0.2 in (5.1 mm) minimum wall thickness), true priority main oiling system, main web bay-to-bay breathing holes reduce crank windage, orange powder coat finish, machined bore at 3.88 in (98.6 mm) is ready for final boring/honing.

A 396 cu in (6.5 L) version is used in NASCAR for the Gander Outdoors Truck Series and the ARCA Racing Series as an option engine. Most teams in both series (known as "NT1" in the Truck Series and the "ARCA 396" in ARCA) have switched to the engine because of cost savings.

LSX376

Chevrolet Performance LSX376 crate engines are updated versions of LSX crate engine family designed to support up to 1,000 hp (746 kW). All models use the Chevrolet Performance LSX Bowtie block.

LSX376-B15 (part number 19299306) includes forged steel crankshaft, forged powdered metal I-beam rods (both the crankshaft and rods from LSA engine) and forged aluminum pistons (9.0:1 compression), high-flow rectangular-port six-bolt LSX-LS3 heads for supercharged and turbocharged combinations producing up to 15 psi (1.0 bar) of boost and up to about 1,000 hp (746 kW).

LSX376-B8 (part number 19171049) is a more economical version that is capable of approximately 8 psi (0.55 bar), for engine producing approximately 600 hp (447 kW). It is designed for production-style supercharger and turbo systems used without enhancements or modifications.^[47]

Noonan Race Engineering

Noonan Race Engineering developed two billet aluminum blocks based on the LS engine. Bore sizes are up to 4.185 in and stroke up to 4.5 in are available, making a 495 cu in displacement possible. The billet construction provides added block integrity suited to high horsepower applications. The block design incorporates turbocharger pressure feed lines in the front of the valley and oil dump ports in the side of the block to return oil to the sump. In addition to the solid block, a waterjacketed version was also designed to provide better cooling options for street or endurance purposes. Noonan also has developed intake manifolds for the LS; specifically for turbocharging or twin turbo charging or supercharging.^[48]

See also [edit]

• General Motors 90° V6 engine
• GM engines
• Vortec

References [edit]

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48. ^ Engineering, Noonan-Ultimate Race. "LS Edge". Noonan - Ultimate Race Engineering . Retrieved July 30, 2019.

External links [edit]

• Gen 5 press kit
• Gen 3 History of its development^[1]

1. ^ "History of the Gen III LS1 V-8 Engine • LS Engine DIY". LS Engine DIY. September 25, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2019.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_LS-based_small-block_engine

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